Data¸Ñ±K¡G®ðÔÅܤƱþ¨ì®I¨
¡i©ú³ø±M°T¡j®É¦Ü10¤ë¡A»´äªº®ð·ÅÁÙ¤£®É¬ð¯}30¢J¤jÃö¡A¦P¾Ç¦³§_·Pı©_©Ç¡H2007¦~»P¬F©²¶¡®ðÔÅܤƱMªù©eû·|(IPCC)¦PÀò¹{¿Õ¨©º¸©M¥¼úªº¬ü°ê«e°ÆÁ`²Î¤àº¸(Al Gore)¡A´¿°Ñ»PÀô¹Ò¬ö¿ý¤ù¡mµ´±æ¯u¬Û¡n(An Inconvenient Truth)ªº»s§@¡A§V¤O±À¼s®ðÔÅܤƥO¦a²y¦s¤`¦M¦b¥¹¤iªº«H®§¡C
¬Û¹jªñ10¦~ªº2016¦~¤W¥b¦~¡A¬O¬ü°ê¤ÓªÅÁ`¸p¦³¬ö¿ýªº136¦~¥H¨Ó³Ì·x¡C¬Ý¨Ó¦a²yªº¤Ñ®ð¨S¦³³Ì¼ö¡A¥u¦³§ó¼ö¡C¨ì©³¦³¦ó¨}¤è§®ÃıϦa²y¡H
¡»°ê»ÚÀ³¹ï®ðÔÅܤƷ|ij»P¬Fµ¦
1992¡G¤Ú¦è¨½¬ù¼ö¤º¿c®i¶}¥ÑÁp¦X°êÁ|¿ìªº¦a²y°ª®p·|(Rio Earth Summit)¡A³q¹L¡mÁp¦X°ê®ðÔÅܤƮج[¤½¬ù¡n¡AªÖ©w¤HÃþ¦b¥þ²y·x¤Æ¤¤¨ã¦³³d¥ô¡A«Øij¦U°ê´î¤ÖºÒ±Æ©ñ(carbon emission)¡C ¦Ü1993¦~6¤ë¥þ²y166Ó°ê®añ¸p
1994¡G¤½¬ù¥¿¦¡¥Í®Ä¡A¦ý´î±Æ¥Ø¼Ð³Q»{¬°¤£¨¬À³¥I®ðÔÅܤƪº¸`«µ¡A¦¹«á¦U°ê¶°¤¤°Q½×¦p¦ó¦^À³·x¤Æ°ÝÃD
1997¡G½T¥ß¤£¦P°ê®a¦³¡u¦@¦P¦ý¦³°Ï§Oªº³d¥ô¡vªºì«h("The Principle of Common But Differentiated Responsibilities)¡A¬O¬°¡m¨Ê³£Ä³©w®Ñ¡n(The Kyoto Protocol)¡A½l¬ù°ê¬F©²³°Äò©w¤U´î¤ÖºÒ±Æ©ñªº¥Ø¼Ð¡G¥H1990¦~¬°±Æ©ñ¶q°ò¼Æ¡A©ó2008¦Ü2012¦~¹F¦¨´î±Æ¬ù5%¡C¬ü°êÁö¦³Ã±¸pij©w®Ñ¡A¦ý³Q°ê·|§_¨M¥¼¯à¹ê¦æ¡A¥[®³¤j¥ç©ó2011¦~°h¥X
2005¡G¼Ú·ù¦¨¥ßºÒ±Æ©ñ¶R½æ¨t²Î(emissions trading system)¡A¨ãªk«ß®Ä¤O¡C¼Ú·ù°ê®a¥Ø¼Ð©ó2020¦~¹F¦¨3Ó¡u20¡v¡G´î±Æ20%¡B¥i¦A¥Í¯à·½(renewable energy)¤ñ«¼W¦Ü20%¡B´£¤É¯à·½®Ä¯à(energy efficiency)20%
2007¡GIPCCªº³ø§i«ü¥X¦Û20¥@¬ö¤¤¶}©l¿ý±oªº¥þ²y®ð·Å¤W¤É¡A¦]¤H¬°·Å«Ç®ðÅé±Æ©ñ¦Ó¾ÉPªº·Å«Ç®ÄÀ³¡A¥X²{ªº¥i¯à°ª¹F¤E¦¨
2009¡G¤¦³Áô¥»«¢®Ú®ðÔÅܤƤj·|(COP15)°Q½×¦p¦ó©µÄò¡m¨Ê³£Ä³©w®Ñ¡n¥¼§¹¦¨ªº¥Ø¼Ð¡A¦ý»P·|°ê®a¥¼¯à¹ï´î±Æ¥Ø¼Ð¹F¦¨¦@ÃÑ
2010¡G¾¥¦èô§¢©ø®ðÔÅܤƤj·|(COP16)¤º¡A¦U°ê¥Nªí¦P·N¦¨¥ßºñ¦â®ðÔ°òª÷(Green Climate Fund)¡A¥Ñ2020¦~°_¨C¦~Äw¶°1000»õ¬üª÷À°§Uµo®i¤¤°ê®a¹ï§Ü®ðÔÅܤÆ
2015¡G¤Ú¾¤®ðÔÅܤƷ|ij(COP21)°Ñ»P°ê®a¹F¦¨¾ú¥v©Êªº¡m¤Ú¾¤¨óij¡n¡A195Ó°ê®a¤@P¦P·N±±¨î·Å«Ç®ðÅé±Æ©ñ¡A©Ó¿Õ©ó2100¦~«e¥þ²y¥§¡®ð·Å¤W¤É¬Û¹ï©ó¤u·~¤Æ«e¤£¶W¹L2¢J¡A¨ÃºÉ¤O±±¨î¦b1.5¢J¤§¤º
¡»®ðÔÅܤÆÃöÁä¦r
CO2, CH4, N2O¡G¤T¤j·Å«Ç®ðÅ骺ÁY¼g¡A¤À§O¬°¤G®ñ¤ÆºÒ¡B¥ÒÖJ¡B®ñ¤Æ¨È´á
UNEP¡GÁp¦X°êÀô¹Ò³W¹º¸p(United Nations Environment Programme)¡A1972¦~¦¨¥ß¡AÁp¦X°ê¨t²Î¤ºt³d¥þ²yÀô¹Ò¨Æ°Èªº¾÷ºc¡A¾³d¥]¬A´£Ò¡B±Ð¨|©M«P¶i¥þ²y¸ê·½¦X²z¹B¥Î¡A±À°Ê¥þ²y¥i«ùÄòµo®i(sustainable development)
IPCC¡G¬F©²¶¡®ðÔÅܤƱMªù©eû·|(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change)¡A©ó1988¦~¥Ñ¥@¬É®ð¶H²Õ´¤ÎÁp¦X°êÀô¹Ò³W¹º¸p¦@¦P¦¨¥ß¡A¬°¦U°ê¨Mµ¦ªÌ´£¨Ñ®ðÔÅܤƼvÅTªº¬ì¾ÇÆ[ÂI¡A¥]¬A«í±`µû¦ô®ðÔÅܤƪº²{ªp¤Î¼ç¦bÀô¹Ò»PªÀ·|¼vÅTµ¥¡A¨Ã´£¨Ñ´î½w®ðÔÅܤƪº¤è¦V¤Î«Øij
UNFCCC¡G¡mÁp¦X°ê®ðÔÅܤƮج[¤½¬ù¡n(United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change)¡A©Ó¿Õ°Ñ»P¹ï§Ü®ðÔÅܤƪº°ê»Ú¤½¬ù¡A²{®É¦³197Ó°ê®a©Ó»{¦¹¤½¬ù
¡»¥þ²y¤Æ¥Û¿U®ÆºÒ±Æ©ñÁͶÕ(1900¦Ü2011¦~)(¹Ï)
¡»»´ä»Å¼ö¤Ñ®ð¤é¼Æ(1976-2016¦~)(¹Ï)
¡»»´äÀ³¹ï®ðÔÅܤƪº¥Ø¼Ð
40%¡G¥H2005¦~¬°°ò¦¡A20¦~¤º¯à·½±j«×´î¤Öªº¥Ø¼Ð
50-60%¡G¥H2005¦~¬°°ò¦¡A¦b2020¦~§â»´äªººÒ±j«×¤ô¥°§Cªº¥Ø¼Ð
5%¡G¥H2014¦~¬°°ò¦¡A¬F©²«Ø¿vª«¦b2020¦~«e¹F¨ìªº¸`¹q¥Ø¼Ð
¡»»´äÀ³¹ï®ðÔÅܤƪº¨¤¦â
»´ä¬F©²ªº¥Nªí¤]·|¥X®u¤j«¬ªº®ðÔ·|ij¡A¨Ò¦pÀô¹Ò§½ªø¶ÀÀA¬P¥H¤¤°ê°ê®a¥Nªí¹Î¦¨û¨¥÷¥X®u¤Ú¾¤®ðÔÅܤƤj·|¡A¨Ã¦b²³ø·|¤W¤¶²Ð»´ä¨ü®ðÔÅܤƪº¼vÅT¤ÎÀ³¹ï¤èªk¡A¥]¬A´î±Æ¥Ø¼Ðµ¥¡C¦¹¥~¡A¥Á¶¡¦Ûµoªº²Õ´¥ç¦³¥X®u·|ij¡A¥H¥t¤@Ó¨¤«×Æ[¼¯¡BºÊ¹î¡C§CºÒ¨È¬w¥D®u²ø³¯¦³»{¬°¡A»´ä¦³³d¥ô¹ï¥þ²yÀ³¹ï®ðÔÅܤƧ@¥X§ó¤jªº°^Äm¡A¥]¬A¼sªx¨Ï¥Î¤Ó¶§¯à¡B±À°Ê«°É]¦³¾÷¯ÑºØµ¥¡A½èºÃ¬°¦ó³o¨Ç¬Fµ¦¥¼±o¸¨¹ê¡C¥t¥~¡A§CºÒ¨È¬w¦æ¬FÁ`µôݤھ¤®ðÔ®p·|»´ä¥Á¶¡¥Nªí¹Î¹Îªø¾¤¼s¼w¥ç»{¬°¡A¬F©²À³¥Î§ó¤jªº¨M¤ß©M§V¤O¡A±À°Ê¤½²³¤Î¥ø·~¦³§ó°ªªºÀô«O·NÃÑ¡AµÛ¤Oµo®iºñ¦â¸gÀÙ(green economy)¡C
°ê»Ú¼h±ªº¦X§@
¡m¨Ê³£Ä³©w®Ñ¡n©w¤U¡u¦@¦P¦ý¦³°Ï§Oªº³d¥ô¡vªºì«h¡A§Y´î¤ÖºÒ±Æ©ñ¬°©Ò¦³°ê®aÀ³ºÉªº³d¥ô¡C¼Ú¬ü°ê®a¦b¹L¥h¥bÓ¥@¬ö»s³y¤j¶q·Å«Ç®ðÅé¡A¦Ó¥B³o¨Çµo¹F°ê®a¦h¤w¦³¤@©wµo®i¦¨¼ôµ{«×¡C¤Ï¤§¡A³¡¤Àµo®i¤¤°ê®aªº¤u·~¤Æ¤ô¥¤´¸û§C¡A¹L¥h¼Æ¤Q¦~¥¼¦³²£¥Í¤j¶qºÒ±Æ©ñ¡C´î±ÆµLºÃ·|¼W¥[¥ø·~¦¨¥»¡A±j¨î´î±Æ©Î·|¼vÅT³¡¤À°ê®aªº¸gÀÙµo®i¡C
¤£¹L¡AÀô¹Ò³Q¯}Ãa¤£¥i°fÂà¡A¸gÀÙµo®i¨ü¼vÅT¬O§_¤£P¤O´î±Æ°}À篸±o¦í¸}ªº²z¥Ñ¡H¥þ²y²Ä¤G¤j¸gÀÙÅé¡B¤´Äݵo®i¤¤°ê®aªº¤¤°ê¡A¥H¤Î¸gÀÙ¨³³t±U°_ªº¦L«×¡B¤Ú¦èµ¥¡A¬O§_À³¸Ó¦b¤u·~¥Í²£®É¡AÅU¤Î¹ïÀô¹Ò³y¦¨ªº¯}Ãa¡H¤wµo®i°ê®a¤SÀ³§_¦b¬ì§Þ¡Bªk¨Ò¤Î¸êª÷¤W¤ä´©µo®i¤¤°ê®a´î±Æ¡A¦P®É¥O¥þ²y¡A¥]¬A¦Û¤vªº°ê®a¨ü´f¡H
¤å¡G·¨²Q±Ó¦Ñ®v